Distinguishing Love

When they had finished breakfast, Jesus said to Simon Peter, “Simon, son of John, do you love me more than these?” He said to him, “Yes, Lord; you know that I love you.” He said to him, “Feed my lambs.” He said to him a second time, “Simon, son of John, do you love me?” He said to him, “Yes, Lord; you know that I love you.” He said to him, “Tend my sheep.” He said to him the third time, “Simon, son of John, do you love me?” Peter was grieved because he said to him the third time, “Do you love me?” and he said to him, “Lord, you know everything; you know that I love you.” Jesus said to him, “Feed my sheep.” 

(rf. Jn. 21:15-17 NKJV)

            February is known as “the month of love”. Especially on St. Valentine’s Day, we celebrate the idea of love. However, “love” has many facets as we will see, depending on the language we are using to convey it.

            For example, we will take the interchange between Jesus and Peter above. Both men are using the word, “love”, in their questions and responses. However, what is not apparent in the English translation is readily disclosed in the Koine Greek in which the passage was initially written. Jesus is asking Peter if he, Peter, agapeo Jesus. That is, Jesus is wanting to see if Peter loves him, Jesus, unconditionally. Peter answers Jesus’ question that he, Peter, loves Jesus philo, with a brotherly love. Twice, Jesus uses the term, agapeo, while Peter continues to respond, philo. It is not until the third time does Jesus switch his term to accommodate Peter by asking if Peter phileis him to which Peter says “Yes, Lord, you know I love/(philo) you.” With each response by Peter, Jesus charges Peter to “feed or shepherd/tend my lambs/sheep”. We know that Jesus was actually recalling Peter to the Gospel ministry after Peter had denied knowing Jesus three times before His crucifixion (rf. Matt. 26:69-75). Jesus questions Peter here once for every time of Peter’s previous denial to show that Peter was forgiven completely.

            I share all of this detail with you because it is imperative that we understand the differences in the uses and meanings of these words. In the English, we can say, “I love my spouse”’, “I love my children”, “I love chocolate” and “I love my pet”, using the very same word, yet meaning four different actions. On the contrary, the Koine Greek in which the New Testament was written is very specific in words and meaning. The English word, “love” has four different Greek counterparts, each depending on context for meaning. Agapeo from which we get “agape or agape love” means unconditional love, the same love that God has for us. This is the kind of love that leads to and is expressed by saving faith. Phileo is brotherly love, love between siblings, characterized by intense loyalty and devotion. This is the reason Peter responded to Jesus’ questions by using this word. This is the word that is at the root of the name, Philadelphia, “city of brotherly love”.  Two other Greek words for “love” are eros and stergo. Eros is the love shared between a man and a woman in marriage that binds them together in physical union. It is sexual in nature. Stergo is the love shared between parents and children typically but can also be used to speak of the devotion of a people to their ruler or the love of persons and their pet. 

            Though the different meanings and uses in Greek can be quite a leap from our English translation, the distinctness of the original language should be a catalyst for us to enhance our own study of the Scriptures. As well, especially in this case, it should awaken us to the need to pursue love and apply it accordingly. We should explore the love of our spouse (eros) and our children (stergo) more diligently and make sure that we are without question sharing God’s love (agapeo) to everyone even as we have experienced it ourselves. We should also provide an example of true “brotherly love” (phileo) with our fellow believers in Christ, specifically, since we are all members of His family. 

            Remember that it would be by His love that the world would know that we are His disciples (rf. Jn. 13:35). Therefore, we should be known by His love and express it freely and appropriately so that others might come to know Him as well.

God Doing New Things

“Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; old things have passed away; behold, all things have become new.” (rf. II Cor. 5:17 NKJV)

“Remember not the former things, nor consider the things of old. Behold, I am doing a new thing; now it springs forth, do you not perceive it?” (rf. Is. 43:18-19a ESV)

            Here we are on the threshold of a new decade as well as a new year. It is hard to believe that the previous time is over and put forever in the history books. If we are reading this article, the Lord has granted us more time in life, time to reflect on the past and time to move into the future. How we do this is just as important as the fact that we are privileged to do so.

            The Apostle Paul and the prophet Isaiah agree on a basic principle for us to consider, one, if implemented, will bring tremendous blessing to our lives and those around us. The principle is a very simple one: let the past be past, fix our eyes on the future and what God has in store for us.

            God is about making things new by His power. If we have personally experienced His salvation in Christ, we know this to be true. As Paul states, we are now “a new creation”. He has begun something afresh in us and will bring it to completion in Christ (rf. Php. 1:6). He expects us not live in the past by the sinful ways from which He has delivered us. Rather, He wants us to move forward in His strength and grace to embrace the fact that “all things have become new”. 

            By the same token, Isaiah encourages his readers to look to the Lord who is bringing about “a new thing”. Indeed, the picture is one of God displaying His hand while pointing to this “new thing” and asking if “not perceive it”? In other words, God is at work in our lives and He wants us to be discerning and perceptive as to the “new thing” is accomplishing. We cannot do this if we are bound up in “the former things...the things of old”. The purpose of the past and its recall is for us to learn from our mistakes, be thankful for the blessings, laying a foundation for us to go forward. 

            He means for His people to have a vision of moving into the future, trusting Him completely to provide all of our needs according to the paths He wants us to take. We should, therefore, adjust our perspectives and attitudes accordingly. If we keep the past in the past and our eyes on what is ahead, we will be better prepared for all that God has in store for us. We will then be ready to receive the blessings He has for us to experience.